Abderrazzak Merzouki, Mohamad Alameh, Diogo DeJesus, Myriam Jean, Vincent Darras, Marc Thibault, Marc Lavertu and Michael D. Buschmann
Article (2012)
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Published Version Terms of Use: Creative Commons Attribution . Download (1MB) |
Cite this document: | Merzouki, A., Alameh, M., DeJesus, D., Jean, M., Darras, V., Thibault, M., ... Buschmann, M. D. (2012). Low molecular weight chitosan nanoparticulate system at low N:P ratio for nontoxic polynucleotide delivery. International Journal of Nanomedicine, 7, p. 1399-1414. doi:10.2147/ijn.s26571 |
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Abstract
Chitosan, a natural polymer, is a promising system for the therapeutic delivery of both plasmid DNA and synthetic small interfering RNA. Reports attempting to identify the optimal parameters of chitosan for synthetic small interfering RNA delivery were inconclusive with high molecular weight at high amine-to-phosphate (N:P) ratios apparently required for efficient transfection. Here we show, for the first time, that low molecular weight chitosan (LMW-CS) formulations at low N:P ratios are suitable for the in vitro delivery of small interfering RNA. LMW-CS nanoparticles at low N:P ratios were positively charged (zeta-potential similar to 20 mV) with an average size below 100 nm as demonstrated by dynamic light scattering and environmental scanning electron microscopy, respectively. Nanoparticles were spherical, a shape promoting decreased cytotoxicity and enhanced cellular uptake. Nanoparticle stability was effective for at least 20 hours at N:P ratios above two in a slightly acidic pH of 6.5. At a higher basic pH of 8, these nanoparticles were unravelled due to chitosan neutralization, exposing their polynucleotide cargo. Cellular uptake ranged from 50% to 95% in six different cell lines as measured by cytometry. Increasing chitosan molecular weight improved nanoparticle stability as well as the ability of nanoparticles to protect the oligonucleotide cargo from nucleases at supraphysiological concentrations. The highest knockdown efficiency was obtained with the specific formulation 92-10-5 that combines sufficient nuclease protection with effective intracellular release. This system attained >70% knockdown of the messenger RNA, similar to commercially available lipoplexes, without apparent cytotoxicity. Contrary to previous reports, our data demonstrate that LMW-CS at low N:P ratios are efficient and nontoxic polynucleotide delivery systems capable of transfecting a plethora of cell lines.
Uncontrolled Keywords
ApoB; RecQL1; chitosan; gene silencing; nonviral delivery system; siRNA; Animals; Cell Line; Cell Survival; Chitosan; Drug Delivery Systems; Flow Cytometry; Gene Silencing; HEK293 Cells; Hep G2 Cells; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Mice; Microscopy, Confocal; Molecular Weight; Nanoparticles; Particle Size; Plasmids; RNA, Small Interfering; Transfection; RNA, Small Interfering; Chitosan
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Subjects: |
1800 Génie chimique > 1800 Génie chimique 3750 Chimie des polymères > 3754 Biopolymères |
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Department: | Département de génie chimique |
Research Center: | Non applicable |
Funders: | CRSNG / NSERC, Groupe de recherche en sciences et technologies biomédicales (FRSQ) |
Date Deposited: | 03 Dec 2018 16:36 |
Last Modified: | 08 Apr 2021 10:43 |
PolyPublie URL: | https://publications.polymtl.ca/3420/ |
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Journal Title: | International Journal of Nanomedicine (vol. 7) |
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Publisher: | Dove Press Ltd |
Official URL: | https://doi.org/10.2147/ijn.s26571 |
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