Initializing EMT models of grid forming VSCs in MTDC systems

This paper highlights the importance of proper initialization techniques for simulation model stability and computational efficiency of multi-terminal direct current (MTDC) systems. A steady-state approach is presented for initializing grid-forming voltage source converters (GVSCs). Moreover, for black-box GVSC models, a generic initialization method, called decoupling interface (DI) is proposed. The method is tested on the CIGRE BM4 benchmark using EMTP. Compared to an existing load-flow initialization technique, both initialization methods reduce the complete system initialization time by 6.9 times.