Développement d'un outil de calcul (CEEB) pour l'étude préliminaire de la charge thermique selon la configuration architecturale des bâtiments incluant les ponts thermiques

Le contexte des changements climatiques engendre une adaptation du cadre bâti de notre société. Afin de limiter les conséquences d'un réchauffement planétaire de 1,5°C par rapport à l'ère préindustrielle, le Canada, mais également le Québec, et surtout Montréal, sont des zones critiques à plusieurs niveaux. Au Canada, comme au Québec, le secteur des bâtiments est le troisième plus grand responsable des émissions totales de GES fédérales et provinciales. Le chauffage des locaux est, de loin, la part la plus importante de consommation énergétique des bâtiments commerciaux et institutionnels. Ces bâtiments sont encore majoritairement chauffés par les combustibles fossiles. Leur demande en chauffage est critique lors de la période hivernale. Le secteur des bâtiments publics et institutionnels présente des retards sérieux en termes de modernisation énergétique, mais ces défis dévoilent de nombreuses opportunités. En effet, la gestion de l'énergie du secteur commercial et institutionnel a le potentiel d'afficher le plus fort taux de progression. Ainsi, la réhabilitation thermique dans les bâtiments, notamment institutionnels, en climat froid tel qu'au Québec, est un enjeu de grande importance pour lutter contre les The context of climate change leads to an adaptation of the buildings of our society. In order to limit the consequences of a global warming of 1.5 ° C compared to the pre-industrial era, Canada, but also Quebec, and especially Montreal, are critical areas. In Canada, as in Quebec, the buildings sector is the third largest responsible for total federal and provincial GHG emissions. Space heating is by far the largest cause of energy consumption in commercial and institutional buildings. These buildings are still mostly heated by fossil fuels. Their heating demand is critical during the winter period. The public and institutional buildings sector presents serious shortcomings in terms of energy modernization, but these challenges reveal many opportunities. In fact, energy management in the commercial and institutional sector has the potential to show the highest rate of progress. Thus, thermal rehabilitation in buildings, especially institutional buildings, in cold climates such as Quebec, is a major issue in the fight against climate change. This project aims to develop and apply a numerical tool, called CEEB (Calculations for the Energy Efficiency of Buildings), to evaluate in a simple, practical, modular and verifiable way the thermal behaviour of a building at the early stages of the design process. This tool enables civil engineering practitioners to propose sustainable and viable strategies to improve the energy efficiency of new or existing structures, particularly institutional buildings.changements climatiques.

Abstract

The context of climate change leads to an adaptation of the buildings of our society. In order to limit the consequences of a global warming of 1.5 ° C compared to the pre-industrial era, Canada, but also Quebec, and especially Montreal, are critical areas. In Canada, as in Quebec, the buildings sector is the third largest responsible for total federal and provincial GHG emissions. Space heating is by far the largest cause of energy consumption in commercial and institutional buildings. These buildings are still mostly heated by fossil fuels. Their heating demand is critical during the winter period. The public and institutional buildings sector presents serious shortcomings in terms of energy modernization, but these challenges reveal many opportunities. In fact, energy management in the commercial and institutional sector has the potential to show the highest rate of progress. Thus, thermal rehabilitation in buildings, especially institutional buildings, in cold climates such as Quebec, is a major issue in the fight against climate change. This project aims to develop and apply a numerical tool, called CEEB (Calculations for the Energy Efficiency of Buildings), to evaluate in a simple, practical, modular and verifiable way the thermal behaviour of a building at the early stages of the design process. This tool enables civil engineering practitioners to propose sustainable and viable strategies to improve the energy efficiency of new or existing structures, particularly institutional buildings.