Découpage virtuel interactif de corps élastiques pour simulation chirurgicale

Surgery simulation in a virtual reality environment provides a way to practice certain operations without the risks associated with performing surgery on a patient or the cost of using arealistic dummy. To facilitate immersion, we seek to produce an environment as complete as possible, including 3D vision, haptic feedback, credible interactions and a realistic physical behavior of simulated objects. The research presented in this document focuses on the physical behavior of soft organs, like the brain or liver, and on cutting these organs using a scalpel. It is especially difficult to reproduce virtually that interaction in a realistic way. The main objective is to develop a deformation method that is both realistic and efficient, and to allow a user to interactively cut an object simulated through this method, using a virtual sharp tool. Furthermore, we want the deformation and interactions to be described with high precision while allowing for fast computations, for a smooth interaction that maintains immersion.''