An identification of models to help in the design of national strategies and policies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

In response to the rapid increase in global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, 196 countries have made a legal commitment to implement a strategy to decarbonize their economies, under the Paris Agreement, particularly with respect to the transportation sector. As part of their long-term climate actions, these countries are defining various Avoid/Reduce, Shift and Improve (A-S-I) strategies, aimed at reducing or avoiding unnecessary travel, promoting and shifting to public transport and active modes, and improving energy efficiency and vehicle technology. In this paper, we take a closer look at some of the regional and national strategies and policies to reduce GHG emissions in Europe, as well as the models and methods used to assist in policy development. Keeping in mind the limited guidance on concrete avoidance/reduction and transfer strategies mentioned in the climate actions, we list some of the land use and transport interaction (LUTI) models that can be used to improve climate change control at the urban scale. The aim of this paper is to gain a better understanding of how methods and tools can assist in decision making and policy development with respect to GHG emission reduction goals in the transportation sector.