The effect of micro-pulsatile electrical and ultrasound stimulation on cellular biosynthetic activities such as cellular proliferation, endogenous nitrogen oxide and collagen synthesis

The skin barrier poses an ongoing challenge for the cosmetics industry. Its penetration, by non-invasive means, can readily be achieved with currents and ultrasound or radiofrequency devices through electroporation, sonophoresis, iontophoresis or cavitation. When several types of energy are applied simultaneously, we expect the effects to be magnified and all the more effective. Although the mechanism of action of each technology on the skin is not entirely controlled, and is even less so when multiple technologies are applied concurrently, some studies demonstrate that nitric oxide (NO) plays a pivotal role in skin wound-healing and regeneration. With regard to wound healing, one of the key functions of NO appears to be its permissive effect on keratinocyte and fibroblast proliferation, which helps promote wound re-epithelialization. The objective of the actual research is to gain an in-depth understanding of the mechanisms generated by NO through the application of a specific combination of technologies.