Développement d'un modèle de caractérisation des impacts liés aux émissions toxiques intérieures en milieu de travail dans le cadre de l'analyse de cycle de vie

In Life cycle assessment (LCA) field, impact of outdoor toxic emissions on human health can be calculated in LCA methods thanks to characterization factors. On the contrary, indoor emissions and more specifically occupational indoor emissions are not taken into account by LCA methods. However, eight hours per day are spent at work. Furthermore, it has been demonstrated that indoor intakes are usually higher than outdoor intakes because of higher concentrations. Therefore, it would be helpful to characterize the impact of occupational indoor emissions within LCA. Consequently, the research hypothesis is: "Occupational indoor emissions have a higher human health impact than outdoor emissions currently characterized within LCA and it would be helpful to take them into account within LCA methods". Objectives linked to this hypothesis are: 1) To develop a new model which would enable the taking into account of occupational indoor emissions within LCA, to calculate characterization factors for a set of substances and to compare occupational indoor and outdoor impacts, 2) To develop a methodology which would take into account indirect occupational indoor impact (impacts due to all industrial sectors from the supply chain of a product) and 3) To compare occupational indoor impact of organic substances and particulates. LCA is an environmental tool which enables the comparison of environmental impacts of products or services. It enables for example the calculation of impacts on human health of toxic emissions. The objective related to LCA is to take into account all impacts related to a product and indoor emissions should be taken into account as they have an impact on workers health and on people in households. However, they are taken into account within LCA only with semiquantitative or empirical models. Recently, characterization models usually used for outdoor emissions have been coupled to specific indoor fate models to calculate the impact of indoor emissions. Nevertheless, this model could only been applied for households because of the use of an indoor emission parameter which is not available for the occupational case. Indeed, industrial sectors measure indoor concentration data instead of emissions. That is why, it would be more suitable to develop a model with indoor concentration as an input parameter. First, a model which characterizes the impact of occupational indoor emissions depending on the indoor concentration per industrial sector has been developped. This model has been developped specifically for the inhalation path et is based on an indoor one-box fate model. This model has