Pour une approche pragmatique et opérationnelle de la mobilité durable: Concept, méthodes et outils

L'intégration et l'opérationnalisation de la durabilité en transport sont des préoccupations grandissantes pour les autorités publiques. Les instances décisionnelles désirent justifier leurs actions au regard de la mobilité durable. Cette mise en oeuvre fait naître le besoin d'évaluation de la mobilité durable pour, par exemple, comparer différents projets envisagés ou suivre l'évolution sur un territoire. Désirs réels mais récents, aucun outil n'est actuellement au point pour évaluer la mobilité durable.

Abstract

The integration and the operational implementation of sustainability in transportation are growing concerns among public authorities. In fact, policymakers want to justify their actions with regard to sustainable mobility. However, its implementation starts by a proper evaluation. For instance, it is required to compare various transportation projects or to monitor sustainable mobility over a territory. Besides these recent desires, no operational tool is currently available to assess sustainable mobility. This study highlights many issues related to the measurement of sustainable mobility, namely the various needs for assessment, the ambiguity of the definition of sustainable development, the multitude and diversity of impacts of mobility on the environment, society and economy, the lack of integration of causal relationships in existing systems of indicators, the redundancy of issues, the spatial and the temporal variability of phenomena to be measured. In order to evaluate sustainable mobility, this research provides a detailed thought on its definition, and also on the selection of indicators and their estimation methods. The ultimate goal of this work is to develop a framework for the evaluation of sustainable mobility. It will guide planners in selecting and estimating indicators, and also help them choose relevant actions or policies.